Medical Nursing Exam MCQ 2024
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1.Raghav is working in critical care area as Registered Nurse. He was providing bed bath to his client. While cleaning the lower extremities he uses long, firm strokes from the distal to the proximal areas. This is because:
a. To increase the range of motion in the extremities and to prevent
foot drop
b. Proximal area is cleaner than the distal area of the extremities
c. To increase venous return and to prevent venous stasis
d. To assess the skin integrity
Ans. (c) To increase venous return and to prevent venous stasis
Explanation: Wash the lower limbs form distal to proximal with long, gentle strokes. Washing from distal to proximal may help to promote venous return. In massage, effleurage is a technique in which the masseur’s hand is moved from distal to proximal limb so that it enhance the venous return and lymphatic flow.
2.Nurse Sheela is caring a patient who has difficulty in falling asleep. She is aware that the following interventions help the patient to fall asleep; EXCEPT:
a. Provide a warm glass of milk before the bed time
b. Turn on quiet music in patient’s room
c. Provide back massage to the client
d. Encourage short nap after lunch.
Ans. (d) Encourage short nap after lunch.
Explanation: It is normal to feel a little sleepy after eating lunch. However, sleeping after lunch may lead to difficulty in falling asleep in the night. Warm glass of milk before the bedtime, listening to quiet music of patient’s choice and back massage promotes sleep.
3. Nurse is caring for client with a communicable disease. While providing isolation to the client which among the following characteristic is most important for the nurse to know?
a. Causative agent and mode of transmission
b. Causative agent and treatment options
c. Immune power of the host
d. Diagnostic methods available
Ans. (a) Causative agent and mode of transmission
Explanation: Knowledge regarding causative agent and its mode of transmission is most important in deciding isolation method/ technique for the infected client. The use of type of PPE (gown/glove/ mask) depends on the mode of transmission. For example, wearing
mask is necessary if the mode of transmission is droplet. Gown and glove are essential if the mode of transmission is direct contact. Immune power of the host and diagnostic methods are not relevant here as the patient is already infected and is diagnosed. Treatment options does not influence the decision of isolation method.
4. Nurse Shalini is educating her client regarding the collection of sputum for culture and sensitivity. Which among the following statement by the client indicates that teaching was effective?
a. Collect sputum in a wide-opened mouth sterile container
b. Collect sputum in the morning after rinsing with mouthwash
c. Collect sputum in a plastic container and cover it with plastic wrap to prevent contamination
d. Collect sputum at bed time after taking prescribed medications
Ans. (a) Collect sputum in a wide-opened mouth sterile container
Explanation: The best quality sample is usually obtained early in the morning upon rising. Mouth
should be rinsed out with water or
saline prior to collection (not with mouthwash). Food should not be ingested for 1–2 hours prior to collection. It is very important that the sputum is the material coughed up from the lungs, and not saliva “spit”. For culture and sensitivity, the sputum must be collected in a sterile container. Collection of sputum at bed-time after taking medications is not recommended.
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5. A client with IV line in situ for the last 72 hours complaining of swelling and pallor at the site. These signs indicate:
a. Phlebitis
b. Infection
c. Infiltration
d. Dislodgement
Ans. (c) Infiltration
Explanation: Infiltration is a complication IV line. When IV fluids or medications leak into the surrounding tissue it is knownas infiltration. It is caused by improper placement or dislodgment of the catheter. Manifestations include redness around the site, swelling, puffy or hard skin around the site, blanching (lighter skin around the IV site), pain or tenderness around the site, IV not working, cool skin temperature around the IV site or of the scalp, hand, arm, leg or foot near the site.
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