ESIC 2016 Previous Year Papers.
2016 Previous Year Papers.
1. An adult client with HIV infection has been given a treatment with efavirenz. The Nurse expects this drug to be given along with emtricitabine and tenofovir as a combination (Atriplex). The reason for administering this combination is to
a. Prevent development of psychiatric comorbidities.
b. Avoid dizziness, sedation, and nightmares.
c. Reduce viral resistance.
d. Control severe rash and hepatotoxicity.
Ans. (c) Reduce viral resistance
Explanation: ATRIPLA is a fixed-dose combination tablet containing efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. The actual
reason for using mix products is to reduce viral resistance. Atriplex is NOT approved for the treatment of chronic
hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
2. A 35-year-old male patient complains of abdominal discomfort and bloating. On examination, the nurse found leakage of watery stool from his rectum. The nurse is aware that this could be a possible sign of
a. Intussusception
b. Bowel incontinence
c. Fecal impaction
d. Constipation
Ans. (c) Fecal impaction
Explanation: Fecal impaction is a severe bowel condition in which a hard, dry mass of stool gets stuck in the colon or rectum. Fecal impaction can be serious. Fecal impaction can cause arrange of symptoms, which include liquid stool leaking from the rectum, pain or discomfort in the abdomen, nausea or vomiting, abdominal bloating and feeling of a need to push.
3. A patient is diagnosed with Crohn’s disease and colostomy was performed as an intervention. While assessing the new stoma, the nurse suspects that the stoma has retracted. Which of the following findings by the nurse would suggest that the stoma has retracted?
a. Narrowed and flattened stoma
b. Stoma appears pinkish red and moist
c. Concave and bowl-shaped stoma
d. Stoma appears reddish purple and dry
Ans. (c) Concave and bowl-shaped stoma
Explanation: A retracted stoma has a concave, bowl-shaped appearance. Retraction causes a less pouching surface, leading to
many peristomal skin complications. A healthy stoma is pinkish red and moist. A narrowed or constricted or flattened stoma is a sign of stenosis. Narrowing of the stoma is a late complication of a stoma. A dry and reddish-purple stoma indicates ischemia.
4. Nurse Ramya is preparing a 45-year-old male client for gastrectomy surgery. The patient apprehensively asked the nurse about the possible complications of gastrectomy. Which of the following responses by the nurse is right ?
a. Dumping syndrome
b. Clay-colored stool
c. Ribbon like stool
d. Jaundice
Ans. (a) Dumping syndrome
Explanation: In Dumping syndrome, the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine (duodenum) faster than normal.
Dumping syndrome is also known as rapid gastric emptying. The sudden influx of food into the intestine causes a lot of fluid
to move from bloodstream into intestine. This extra fluid causes diarrhea and bloating.
5. A 45-year-old patient with frequent GI disturbances inapprehensive about developing a colorectal cancer. He approached a nurse regarding dietary recommendation. Which of the following dietary recommendations is recommended to reduce the risk of developing colon cancer?
a. Take low-fiber and low-residual foods regularly
b. Avoid whole grain in the diet
c. Add more green vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower in the diet.
d. Take diet which is high in red meat Glimpses of Target High 6th Hybrid Edition
Ans. (c) Add more green vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower in the diet.
Explanation: High-fiber diets that include lots of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains have been linked with a decreased risk of colon or rectal cancer. Increased consumption of red meat (lamb, beef and pork) is associated with risk of colorectal cancer.
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